Above All Roofing has put together a list of roofing terms to help make your roofing experience a bit easier to understand!
Above All Roofing Co. is here for all your roofing needs. We specialize in everything from New Roofs, Repairs, Inspections, Maintenance, Seamless Gutters, and Insulation for Residential and Commercial properties. We are a family owned and operated contractor located in Vacaville, California; serving the surrounding counties and the Bay Area. We have extensive knowledge, with 37 years of experience in many types of roofing systems, including Asphalt Shingles, Wood Shakes, Built-up Roofing, Tile and Slate, just to name a few. Our goal is to provide you with quality workmanship, timely service and fair pricing. Our estimates are always free.
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A
Algae- Rooftop fungus that can leave dark stains on roofing.
Angled fasteners- Roofing nails and staples driven into decks at angles not parallel to the deck.
APA- American Plywood Association. Tests and sets standards for all varieties of plywoods used in the U.S.
Apron flashing- Metal flashing used at chimney fronts.
ARMA- Asphalt Roofing Manufacturer’s Association. Organization of roofing manufacturers.
Asphalt- A bituminous waterproofing agent used in various types of roofing materials.
Asphalt concrete primer- Asphalt based primer used to prepare concrete and metal for asphalt sealant.
Asphalt plastic cement- Asphalt based sealant material, meeting ASTM D4586 Type I or II. Used to seal and adhere roofing materials. Also called mastic, blackjack, roof tar, or bull.
ASTM-The American Society for Testing and Materials. Organization that sets standards for a wide variety of materials, including roofing.
Angled fasteners- Roofing nails and staples driven into decks at angles not parallel to the deck.
APA- American Plywood Association. Tests and sets standards for all varieties of plywoods used in the U.S.
Apron flashing- Metal flashing used at chimney fronts.
ARMA- Asphalt Roofing Manufacturer’s Association. Organization of roofing manufacturers.
Asphalt- A bituminous waterproofing agent used in various types of roofing materials.
Asphalt concrete primer- Asphalt based primer used to prepare concrete and metal for asphalt sealant.
Asphalt plastic cement- Asphalt based sealant material, meeting ASTM D4586 Type I or II. Used to seal and adhere roofing materials. Also called mastic, blackjack, roof tar, or bull.
ASTM-The American Society for Testing and Materials. Organization that sets standards for a wide variety of materials, including roofing.
B
Back-surfacing- Granular material added to a shingle’s back to assist in keeping separate during delivery and storage.
Blistering- Bubbles or pimples in roofing materials. Usually moisture related. In shingles blisters are either moisture under the material or moisture trapped inside the material.
Blow-offs- When shingles are subjected to high winds, and are forced off a roof deck.
Buckling- When a wrinkle or ripple effects shingles or their underlayments.
Blistering- Bubbles or pimples in roofing materials. Usually moisture related. In shingles blisters are either moisture under the material or moisture trapped inside the material.
Blow-offs- When shingles are subjected to high winds, and are forced off a roof deck.
Buckling- When a wrinkle or ripple effects shingles or their underlayments.
C
Closed-cut valley- A shingle valley installation method where one roof plane’s shingles completely cover the others. The top layer is cut to match the valley lines.
Cobra® - GAFMC’s respected brand name for ventilation products.
Corrosion- When rust, rot or age negatively affect roofing metals.
Counter-flashing-The metal or siding material that is installed over roof-top base flashing systems.
Country Mansion® & Country Estates™-GAFMC’s limited lifetime warranty shingle.
Crickets- A peaked water diverter installed behind chimneys and other large roof projections. Effectively diverts water around projections.
Cupping- When shingles are improperly installed over an existing roof or are over-exposed, they form a curl or cup.
Cobra® - GAFMC’s respected brand name for ventilation products.
Corrosion- When rust, rot or age negatively affect roofing metals.
Counter-flashing-The metal or siding material that is installed over roof-top base flashing systems.
Country Mansion® & Country Estates™-GAFMC’s limited lifetime warranty shingle.
Crickets- A peaked water diverter installed behind chimneys and other large roof projections. Effectively diverts water around projections.
Cupping- When shingles are improperly installed over an existing roof or are over-exposed, they form a curl or cup.
D
Deck- The substrate over which roofing is applied. Usually plywood, wood boards, or planks.
Dormer- A raised roof extending out of a larger roof plane.
Drip-edge- An installed lip that keeps shingles up off of the deck at edges, and extends shingles out over eaves and gutters, and prevents water from backing up under shingles.
Dubl-Coverage® Mineral Guard- Roll roofing material with 19" selvage edge for double coverage over roof deck.
Dormer- A raised roof extending out of a larger roof plane.
Drip-edge- An installed lip that keeps shingles up off of the deck at edges, and extends shingles out over eaves and gutters, and prevents water from backing up under shingles.
Dubl-Coverage® Mineral Guard- Roll roofing material with 19" selvage edge for double coverage over roof deck.
E
Eaves- The roof edge from the fascia to the structure’s outside wall. In general terms, the first three feet across a roof is termed the eave.
End-laps- When installing rolled products in roofing, the area where a roll ends on a roof, and is overlapped by the next section of rolled material. (underlayments, rolled roofing)
Exposure- The area on any roofing material that is left exposed to the elements.
End-laps- When installing rolled products in roofing, the area where a roll ends on a roof, and is overlapped by the next section of rolled material. (underlayments, rolled roofing)
Exposure- The area on any roofing material that is left exposed to the elements.
F
Fasteners- Nails or staples used in securing roofing to the deck. Felt-Organic or paper-based rolled material saturated with asphalt to serve as roofing underlayment.
FHA-The Federal Housing Authority. Sets construction standards throughout the U.S.
Fiberglass mat- Fibers condensed into strong, resilient mats for use in roofing materials.
Flange-Metal pan extending up or down a roof slope around flashing pieces. Usually at chimneys and plumbing vents
Flashing- Materials used to waterproof a roof around any projections through the roof deck.
Flashing cement- Sealant designed for use around flashing areas, typically thicker than plastic cement.
FHA-The Federal Housing Authority. Sets construction standards throughout the U.S.
Fiberglass mat- Fibers condensed into strong, resilient mats for use in roofing materials.
Flange-Metal pan extending up or down a roof slope around flashing pieces. Usually at chimneys and plumbing vents
Flashing- Materials used to waterproof a roof around any projections through the roof deck.
Flashing cement- Sealant designed for use around flashing areas, typically thicker than plastic cement.
G
Gable roof- Traditional roof style; two peaked roof planes meeting at a ridge line of equal size.
GAF-Cant®- GAFMC can’t strips for deflecting water away from flashing areas. Typically used on low slope roofs.
Golden Pledge®- GAFMC’s strongest limited warranty for shingles. America’s strongest steep slope warranty.
Grand Sequoia®- GAFMC shingle with wood shake appearance.
Grand Slate™- GAFMC shingle with slate appearance.
Granules- Crushed rock that is coated with a ceramic coating and fired. Used as top surface on shingles.
GAF-Cant®- GAFMC can’t strips for deflecting water away from flashing areas. Typically used on low slope roofs.
Golden Pledge®- GAFMC’s strongest limited warranty for shingles. America’s strongest steep slope warranty.
Grand Sequoia®- GAFMC shingle with wood shake appearance.
Grand Slate™- GAFMC shingle with slate appearance.
Granules- Crushed rock that is coated with a ceramic coating and fired. Used as top surface on shingles.
H
Hand-sealing- The method to assure sealing of shingles on very steep slopes, in high wind areas, and when installing in cold weather.
High nailing- When shingles are nailed or fastened above the manufacturer’s specified nail location.
Hip legs- The down-slope ridges on hip roofs.
Hip roof- A roof with four roof planes coming together at a peak and four separate hip legs.
High nailing- When shingles are nailed or fastened above the manufacturer’s specified nail location.
Hip legs- The down-slope ridges on hip roofs.
Hip roof- A roof with four roof planes coming together at a peak and four separate hip legs.
I
Ice Dam- When a snow load melts on a roof and re-freezes at the eave areas. Ice dams force water to "back-up" a roof and cause leakage.
L
"L" flashing- Continuous metal flashing consisting of several feet of metal. Used at horizontal walls, bent to resemble an "L".
Laminated shingles- Shingles made from two separate pieces that are laminated together. GAFMC Timberline® Series, Country Mansion® and Grand Sequoia® Shingles. Also called dimensional shingles and architectural shingles.
Laps- The area where roll roofing or rolled under-laments overlap one
another during application (see also side laps and end laps).
Low slopes-Roof pitches less than 4/12 are considered low sloped roofs. Special installation
Laminated shingles- Shingles made from two separate pieces that are laminated together. GAFMC Timberline® Series, Country Mansion® and Grand Sequoia® Shingles. Also called dimensional shingles and architectural shingles.
Laps- The area where roll roofing or rolled under-laments overlap one
another during application (see also side laps and end laps).
Low slopes-Roof pitches less than 4/12 are considered low sloped roofs. Special installation
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